What is the appendix?
The appendix is a small, tube-shaped pouch attached to the first part of the large intestine (colon) in the right lower side of the abdomen. Its exact function isn’t essential for everyday health, and people live normal healthy lives without it.
Common problems with the appendix
The most common problem involving the appendix is appendicitis, which is inflammation of the appendix. This usually happens when the appendix becomes block by stool, swelling of the lymph tissue, or infection.
Symptoms of appendicitis often include:
- Pain that starts near the belly button and moves to the right lower abdomen
- Worsening abdominal pain over time
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Fever
- Abdominal pain with movement, coughing, for walking
If not treated, the appendix can rupture (burst), which can lead to serious infection inside the abdomen.
Diagnosis
Appendicitis as often diagnosed using a combination of:
- A detailed history and physical exam
- Blood test to look for signs of infection
- Imaging studies such as a CT scan
Because symptoms can vary, prompting medical evaluation is important when appendicitis is suspected.
Surgical management
The standard treatment for appendicitis is surgical removal of the appendix, called an appendectomy.
- Most appendectomies are done laparoscopically (minimally invasive surgery) using small incisions.
- In some cases, open surgery may be needed especially if the appendix has ruptured or there is a significant amount of infection.
- Surgery is usually performed urgently to prevent rupture or complications.
- In select cases, antibiotics maybe use 1st but surgery remains the definitive treatment for most patients.
Recovery
Recovery after appendectomy is usually straight forward.
- Many patients go home the same day or within 1-2 days after surgery.
- Mild pain and soreness around the incisions is normal.
- Most people returned to normal daily activities within 1-2 weeks.
- Heavy lifting and strenuous activity are usually limited for a short time.
- If the appendix is ruptured, recovery may take longer and may involve antibiotics.
Key takeaways
Appendicitis is a common and urgent surgical condition.
- Symptoms often include worsening right lower quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and fever.
- Prompted diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent rupture and infection.
- Surgical removal of the appendix is safe and effective.
- Most patients recover quickly and return to normal life after surgery.